Added Quotes

Types of Added Quotes

Direct Quotes

A direct quote is a verbatim repetition of what someone else said, usually in written form to preserve their exact words.

There are two types of added quotes in English language:

1. Verbal Quotes: Verbal quotes involve the repetition of spoken words or phrases. They can be used to provide evidence, illustrate a point, or add flavor and interest to your writing.
2. Written Quotes: Written quotes refer to the quotation of written words, such as those found in books, articles, or other published materials. This type of quote is often used when the original source is not available orally, but can still be verified through other means.

Both verbal and written quotes require proper citation to maintain their credibility and give due credit to the original sources.

In addition to these two main categories, there are various subtypes of added quotes, including:

• Parenthetical Quote: A parenthetical quote is a type of direct quote enclosed in parentheses and placed within the surrounding text. It sets off the quoted material from the rest of the sentence.
• Block Quote: A block quote, also known as an indented quote, is a long quotation that breaks away from the surrounding paragraph. It is typically used for longer quotes or when the original formatting of the source material needs to be preserved.

Proper use of added quotes can enhance the credibility and persuasive power of your writing, while misuse or misrepresentation of quoted sources can undermine trust in the information presented.

In English language, added quotes are essential for conveying the words and ideas of others accurately and fairly.

* Definition: A direct quote is a phrase or sentence that is copied word for word from the original source.

In the context of written communication, added quotes refer to phrases or sentences that are inserted into a text from another source, often for emphasis, illustration, or citation purposes. There are several types of added quotes, each serving a distinct function in the writing process.

Here are some common types of added quotes:

• Direct Quotes

• Indirect Quotes

• Synthetic or Fabricated Quotes

• Pseudo-Quotes or Quotations with slight changes

1. **Direct Quotes**: A direct quote is a phrase or sentence that is copied word for word from the original source. This type of quote is often enclosed in quotation marks and used to illustrate a point, provide evidence, or add context to an argument. Direct quotes are commonly used in academic writing, journalism, and literature.

2. **Indirect Quotes**: An indirect quote is a paraphrased version of the original text. This type of quote conveys the same information as the direct quote but uses different words and phrasing. Indirect quotes are useful when the author wants to convey the essence of the original text without copying it verbatim.

3. **Synthetic or Fabricated Quotes**: A synthetic or fabricated quote is a made-up phrase or sentence presented as if it were from an authentic source. This type of quote is often used in fiction, satire, and humor. However, it’s essential to clearly indicate that the quote is fictional or fabricated to avoid misleading readers.

4. **Pseudo-Quotes or Quotations with slight changes**: A pseudo-quote or a quotation with slight changes refers to a phrase or sentence that has been modified from its original form but presented as if it were an authentic quote. This type of quote is sometimes used to add emphasis, clarify meaning, or improve clarity.

In conclusion, added quotes play a crucial role in written communication, serving various purposes such as illustrating points, providing evidence, and adding context. Understanding the different types of added quotes helps writers use them effectively and accurately convey information to their readers.

* Purpose: Direct quotes are used to add credibility, authority, and emphasis to an argument or idea.

The use of added quotes in academic writing serves a crucial purpose, which is to reinforce and support an argument or idea with evidence from credible sources. There are several types of added quotes that authors employ to varying effects.

**Direct Quotations**: These involve quoting the exact words spoken by the original speaker. Direct quotations can be used to add credibility, authority, and emphasis to an argument or idea. They allow readers to access the original material and judge its relevance and significance for themselves.

When using direct quotations, it is essential to ensure that they are accurate and faithful reproductions of the original text. This involves verifying the quote with the source material, usually a book or article, and including any necessary context or clarification to prevent misunderstandings.

**Indirect Quotations**: Also known as reported speech, indirect quotations involve paraphrasing or summarizing what someone has said, rather than quoting their exact words. Indirect quotations can be useful when the original quote is unclear, ambiguous, or lengthy, and may provide a more concise way to convey the information.

When using indirect quotations, it is essential to ensure that they accurately reflect the original message and tone of the speaker. This involves carefully paraphrasing the quote in your own words, while still conveying the intended meaning and impact.

**Embedded Quotations**: These involve incorporating a quotation into a sentence or paragraph as an integral part of the narrative. Embedded quotations can be used to create a sense of flow and continuity between ideas, and may provide a more natural way to integrate quotes into the text.

When using embedded quotations, it is essential to ensure that they are clearly distinguished from surrounding text through formatting, such as quotation marks or italics. This helps readers identify and appreciate the quote for its own sake, rather than confusing it with your original text.

**Block Quotations**: Also known as long quotes, block quotations involve quoting a significant passage of text, often without interruption from surrounding material. Block quotations can be used to convey complex or nuanced ideas in the speaker’s own words, and may provide an effective way to engage readers with rich and evocative language.

When using block quotations, it is essential to ensure that they are carefully integrated into the text, often with additional context or explanation to help readers understand their significance. This involves using clear formatting and careful phrasing to guide readers through the quote and its relevance to your argument.

* Examples:

Added quotes are a type of literary device used to enhance the meaning and significance of a text or passage by incorporating words or phrases spoken by others, often famous individuals or historical figures. These quotes can add depth, nuance, and cultural relevance to a piece of writing, making it more engaging and relatable to readers.

There are several types of added quotes used in language, including:

* Direct Quotes: These are verbatim reproductions of the original speaker’s words, enclosed in quotation marks. They are often used to add authenticity and authority to a text by quoting experts or historical figures. For example: “The only thing we have to fear is fear itself,” said Franklin D. Roosevelt.

* Indirect Quotes: These are paraphrased versions of the original speaker’s words, without quotation marks. They allow the writer to convey the main idea or gist of what was said without using direct quotes. For example: According to Winston Churchill, “we shall fight on the beaches,”

* Reported Speech: This involves changing the tense and pronouns in the original speaker’s words to fit the narrative or context of the story. It allows for a more formal or polished tone while still conveying the essence of what was said. For example: My teacher told me, “I am looking forward to seeing you at school tomorrow.”

* Embedded Quotes: These are quotes that are integrated into the sentence structure without quotation marks, often to create a sense of flow and rhythm. They can add emphasis or highlight important ideas. For example: The instructor advised us to “read carefully” before taking the exam.

* Quotations in Parentheses: These involve placing quotes within parentheses to set them apart from the rest of the text, often for contrast or emphasis. This technique is commonly used in academic writing and critical essays. For example: As (Plato) once said, “the unexamined life is not worth living.”

* Quotations as Titles: These involve using quotes as titles or subtitles to highlight key ideas or themes within the text. This adds an extra layer of meaning and structure to the writing. For example: The Book of Proverbs (Ecclesiastes 1:1-11).

+ “The only thing we have to fear is fear itself,” Franklin D. Roosevelt (University of Oxford)

In the realm of literary devices and linguistic nuances, added quotes occupy a significant position. These are quotations that have been incorporated into a text to emphasize or illustrate a point, often serving as a means to convey complex ideas or emotions in a more relatable manner.

Added quotes can be categorized based on their purpose and function within the text. They may be used to add emphasis, provide historical context, create vivid imagery, offer insights into human nature, or even express irony or sarcasm. Each category serves a distinct role in shaping the narrative or conveying the author’s message.

One of the primary functions of added quotes is to add emphasis. This can be achieved by quoting a well-known phrase, such as “The only thing we have to fear is fear itself,” famously spoken by Franklin D. Roosevelt during his first inaugural address in 1933 while at University of Oxford. By incorporating this quote into a text, an author can underscore the importance or significance of a particular idea or concept.

Added quotes may also be used to provide historical context. For instance, including a passage from a historical document or the words of a notable figure from the past can offer readers a deeper understanding of the time period and its cultural landscape. This technique allows authors to transport their audience back in time, making the narrative feel more immersive and engaging.

Creating vivid imagery is another common purpose of added quotes. By quoting poetry or passages that describe sensory experiences, authors can paint a picture in the reader’s mind. This can be particularly effective when describing settings, landscapes, or even emotions, drawing readers into the world of the story through the power of language.

Added quotes can also serve as windows into human nature. By including statements or passages that reflect on the human condition, authors can reveal the complexities and contradictions of humanity. This technique allows readers to see themselves and others in a different light, fostering empathy and understanding.

In addition to their primary functions, added quotes can sometimes be used to convey irony or sarcasm. When quoted out of context or combined with other narrative elements, phrases can take on entirely new meanings. Authors may use this technique to highlight the absurdity of certain situations or to create a sense of unease or discomfort in readers.

Overall, added quotes are a versatile and powerful tool for authors, offering a range of possibilities for enhancing their writing and engaging their audience. By incorporating well-chosen quotations into their text, writers can add depth, complexity, and nuance, drawing readers deeper into the world they create.

Through their careful selection and placement, added quotes can elevate the narrative, providing insights into the human experience and inviting readers to reflect on the ideas and emotions expressed. By embracing this technique, authors can craft stories that resonate with readers long after the final page has been turned, leaving a lasting impact on those who engage with their work.

+ “Be the change you wish to see in the world,” Mahatma Gandhi (Harvard University)

Added quotes are phrases or sentences that are incorporated into a piece of writing, such as an essay or speech, to enhance its meaning, provide supporting evidence, and create a specific tone or atmosphere.

There are several types of added quotes, each serving a unique purpose:

1. **Direct Quotes**: These are exact words spoken by someone else that are included in the text verbatim. They are often used to convey authority, expertise, or original thought. Direct quotes should be enclosed in quotation marks and properly cited.

2. **Indirect Quotes** (or Paraphrases): These are summaries or restatements of someone’s words in one’s own words. Indirect quotes allow the writer to convey an idea without repeating exact words, while maintaining the original meaning.

3. **Block Quotes**: Long passages from another text that are included in their entirety to support a specific argument or point. Block quotes should be indented and properly cited.

4. **Running Headlines**: Short phrases or sentences used to introduce an idea or concept before a long quote. They provide context and make the quotation more accessible.

5. **Background Quotes**: Historical, cultural, or philosophical quotes that provide background information on a particular topic. They can help establish the significance of the subject being discussed.

6. **Personal Reflections**: Added quotes that express personal opinions or reflections on a particular issue or idea. These quotes should be clearly identified as such to avoid confusion with direct or indirect quotes.

In the case of the quote “Be the change you wish to see in the world,” attributed to Mahatma Gandhi and Harvard University, it is likely a direct quote that has been paraphrased for clarity.

As an example sentence:

“You must be the change you wish to see in the world,” as advocated by Mahatma Gandhi (Harvard University), highlights the importance of taking personal action towards creating positive change.

Indirect Quotes

Discussion and Explanation

When it comes to adding quotes to an article, there are several techniques to consider, including indirect quotes. Indirect quotes involve paraphrasing or summarizing what someone else has said, rather than quoting them directly. This can be a useful way to add depth and variety to your writing while still conveying the original speaker’s message.

Indirect quotes typically follow one of two structures: “according to” or “as X said.” For example, “According to John Smith, the new policy is expected to have a significant impact on the company’s bottom line.” This approach allows readers to infer the original speaker’s words while avoiding direct attribution.

In contrast to indirect quotes, direct quotes provide a more explicit representation of what someone else has said. When used effectively, direct quotes can add nuance and context to your writing by allowing readers to hear the original speaker’s voice and perspective. However, overusing direct quotes can make your text feel cluttered or disjointed.

When deciding whether to use an indirect quote or a direct quote, consider the needs of your article. If you want to provide a concise summary of someone’s statement without attributing it directly, an indirect quote may be the better choice. However, if you need to convey the full context and original wording of what was said, a direct quote is often more effective.

In terms of discussion and explanation in language, adding quotes effectively requires not only a clear understanding of grammar and syntax but also the ability to use language with precision and nuance. When using quotes, consider the tone and voice you want to convey, as well as how the quoted material will fit within the larger narrative or argument of your article.

Finally, when using added quotes in an article, remember that the goal is often not simply to add more text but to enhance the reader’s understanding and engagement with the subject matter. By carefully selecting and integrating indirect and direct quotes, you can create a richer, more compelling narrative that draws readers into your argument or explanation.

* Definition: An indirect quote is a paraphrased version of a direct quote, often used to provide more context or explanation.

In the realm of quoting and referencing, indirect quotes play a crucial role in adding depth and understanding to written content. An **indirect quote** is a paraphrased version of a direct quote, often used to provide more context or explanation.

When authors or writers use indirect quotes, they are not simply copying the original words from another source but rather rephrasing them in their own words while maintaining the essence and meaning of the original statement. This technique allows readers to grasp complex ideas and concepts without being overwhelmed by direct quotes that may seem repetitive or overly verbose.

The process of creating an indirect quote involves analyzing the original text, identifying the key points and ideas presented, and then rewording them in a way that conveys the same message but with a fresh perspective. This approach enables writers to:

• Provide additional context or background information that may not be included in the direct quote.
• Add clarity to the original statement by explaining its significance or implications.
• Educate readers on a particular topic or issue, making it more accessible and understandable.

Indirect quotes can be presented in various forms, such as:

• Sentences that rephrase the direct quote while maintaining its meaning.
• Paraphrased summaries of the original text that capture its essence.
• Interpretive statements that analyze or comment on the original idea.

In academic writing, indirect quotes are often used to provide a more nuanced and in-depth understanding of complex topics. They allow authors to engage with multiple perspectives, theories, and ideas while maintaining their own voice and style. By incorporating indirect quotes into their work, writers can create a richer, more engaging narrative that reflects the complexities of the subject matter.

When using indirect quotes, it’s essential to properly cite the original source in accordance with established citation styles (e.g., MLA, APA, Chicago). This ensures transparency and honesty in the writing process while maintaining academic integrity. By acknowledging the work of others, writers can build upon existing knowledge and contribute meaningfully to ongoing conversations.

* Purpose: Indirect quotes are used to add nuance and complexity to an argument or idea, while avoiding the need for excessive citation.

Indirect quotes are a literary device used to convey the words and ideas of others, while also expressing one’s own thoughts and opinions on those words and ideas.

The primary purpose of indirect quotes is to add nuance and complexity to an argument or idea, without relying solely on direct quotations or excessive citation.

By rephrasing or paraphrasing the original text, indirect quotes allow writers to engage with the ideas and perspectives presented by others in a more subtle and sophisticated way.

This technique enables writers to avoid direct attribution of quotes while still acknowledging and engaging with the thoughts and opinions of others.

In doing so, indirect quotes promote critical thinking, analysis, and synthesis, as readers are encouraged to consider multiple perspectives and evaluate the relevance and credibility of different sources.

Indirect quotes also have the potential to add variety and interest to an argument or text by providing a range of voices and viewpoints without becoming overwhelming or distracting due to excessive quotation marks.

The benefits of using indirect quotes include:

• Improved clarity and precision, as rephrased ideas are presented in a more concise manner

• Increased nuance and complexity, as multiple perspectives and voices are woven together to create a richer narrative

• Muted tone of criticism or bias, as indirect quotes present information without appearing confrontational or dismissive

• Effective avoidance of excessive citation and direct attribution, while still acknowledging the influence of original sources

• Promotion of critical thinking and analysis, as readers are encouraged to evaluate multiple perspectives and engage with different voices

To use indirect quotes effectively, it is essential to understand the context and purpose of the information being presented.

Avoid common pitfalls such as:

• Misrepresentation or misquotation of original sources

• Failure to acknowledge or attribute indirect quotes, leading to unclear or unfair representation of ideas and perspectives

• Lack of clarity or concision in rephrased ideas, resulting in confusion or misunderstanding

By mastering the use of indirect quotes, writers can create more engaging, nuanced, and sophisticated arguments that acknowledge multiple perspectives while promoting critical thinking and analysis.

* Examples:

Indirect quotes are a way of reporting what someone has said without using their exact words. This can be done to paraphrase or summarize their statement, often in order to convey the meaning behind their words rather than the literal words themselves.

In English language, indirect quotes are commonly used in various forms of writing and speech, including news articles, academic papers, books, and everyday conversations. They allow speakers or writers to quote someone while still conveying their intended message or tone.

There are several techniques used to form indirect quotes, including:

a) Using the verb “said” in conjunction with the speaker’s name, followed by a paraphrased version of what they said (e.g., “The teacher said that the assignment was due next week.”)

b) Employing a reporting phrase or clause to introduce the indirect quote, such as “according to,” “he replied,” or “she stated” (e.g., “According to the professor, the topic of discussion would be covered in more detail later that day.”)

c) Paraphrasing the original statement, often in a way that makes it easier to understand or more concise (e.g., “She said she was tired and wanted to go home.” becomes “She admitted feeling exhausted and needing some rest.”)

Indirect quotes serve several purposes:

a) They allow for a more nuanced representation of the speaker’s words, capturing their intended meaning rather than their literal language.

b) They enable speakers or writers to convey complex ideas in a simpler way, without sacrificing any of the original message’s significance.

c) They provide an opportunity to add context, clarify ambiguity, or even correct errors in the original statement.

Examples of indirect quotes can be seen in everyday conversations:

a) A friend says, “I’m so tired, I just want to go home.” An indirect quote would rephrase this as, “He admitted feeling exhausted and needing some rest.”

b) A news article reports a politician saying, “The government will increase spending on healthcare.” An indirect quote might paraphrase this statement as, “The government plans to boost its investment in the healthcare sector.”

Understanding and effectively using indirect quotes can enhance one’s ability to communicate complex ideas, convey nuanced messages, and engage with others through more sophisticated language.

+ “Roosevelt’s famous phrase suggests that fear is not only a personal issue but also a societal one.” (University of California, Berkeley)

An indirect quote refers to a sentence that contains words that paraphrase, summarize, or interpret the original quote.

Indirect quotes are often used in academic writing and literary analysis to provide evidence and support arguments without repeating the exact words of the original text.

The example provided, “Roosevelt’s famous phrase suggests that fear is not only a personal issue but also a societal one,” illustrates an indirect quote in action.

In this sentence:

• Roosevelt’s famous phrase is a paraphrase of the original quote.

• The word “suggests” indicates that the sentence is not repeating the exact words of the original text, but rather providing an interpretation or summary of its meaning.

This type of indirect quote allows readers to understand the main idea and significance of the original quote without having to read the full quote itself.

In academic writing, indirect quotes are often used in conjunction with direct quotes to provide a balanced view of an author’s ideas or arguments.

For example:

• A direct quote might be: “The only thing we have to fear is fear itself.” – Franklin D. Roosevelt

• An indirect quote might be: “Roosevelt’s famous phrase suggests that fear is not only a personal issue but also a societal one.”

Together, these two types of quotes provide a clear understanding of the original text and its significance in the context of the article.

+ “Gandhi’s message encourages individuals to take action towards creating positive change in their communities.” (Stanford University)

An **indirect quote** is a way of referencing someone’s words or ideas without using their exact words, often to convey their meaning in a more nuanced or adapted form.

Indirect quotes are commonly used in writing and speech to paraphrase or summarize the thoughts or opinions of others, allowing for greater flexibility and creativity while still maintaining the essence of the original idea.

In the example from Stanford University, “Gandhi’s message encourages individuals to take action towards creating positive change in their communities,” an **indirect quote** is used to convey the core of Gandhi’s teachings without reproducing his exact words.

The use of indirect quotes allows for a more interpretive and flexible approach to communicating ideas, as it enables the writer or speaker to adapt the original message to suit the context and audience.

Indirect quotes can be used in a variety of ways, such as summarizing long passages into concise statements, paraphrasing complex ideas into simpler terms, or rephrasing the tone and language to better suit the intended audience or purpose.

However, it’s essential to ensure that indirect quotes remain faithful to the original meaning and intent of the source material, rather than introducing new or inaccurate information that can alter the message’s significance.

By using indirect quotes effectively, writers and speakers can engage their audiences more deeply and convey complex ideas in a clear and compelling manner.

In the context of the article “Added Quotes,” indirect quotes serve as an essential tool for conveying the messages and ideas of notable individuals, such as Gandhi, while adapting them to suit the needs of the audience.

Citing Added Quotes

Formatting and Style Guidelines

When citing added quotes, it’s essential to follow specific formatting and style guidelines to ensure accuracy and consistency. The most widely used citation styles include MLA (Modern Language Association), APA (American Psychological Association), and Chicago. Each style has its own set of rules for citing added quotes, which are discussed below.

MLA Style: When using MLA format, added quotes should be cited in the text with a parenthetical citation consisting of the author’s last name and page number(s) where the quote can be found. For example: (Smith 23). If the source doesn’t have a specific page number, use “no page” or “n.p.” instead.

For MLA style, added quotes in an essay should be formatted as follows:

“This is an example of an added quote.” (Smith 12)

or

“An added quote with no author” (n.p.)

APA Style: In APA format, added quotes should be cited in the text with a parenthetical citation consisting of the author’s last name and year of publication. For example: (Smith, 2020). If the source doesn’t have an author or date, use “no author” or “n.d.” instead.

For APA style, added quotes in an essay should be formatted as follows:

“This is an example of an added quote.” (Smith, 2020)

or

“An added quote with no author or date” (n.d.)

Chicago Style: In Chicago format, added quotes should be cited in the text with a footnote or endnote that provides the source information. For example:

1. “This is an example of an added quote.” Smith, 2020.

or

1. An added quote with no author (no date).

In Chicago style, added quotes in a footnote or endnote should be formatted as follows:

1. “This is an example of an added quote” (Smith 12)

or

1. “An added quote with no author” (no date)

In conclusion, when citing added quotes in English language texts, it’s crucial to follow the specific formatting and style guidelines for each citation style. By doing so, you can ensure accuracy and consistency in your citations, which is essential for academic integrity.

* Definition: Citing added quotes involves acknowledging the source of the quote using a consistent citation style.

Citing added quotes is an essential aspect of academic writing, research papers, and various forms of content creation that involve incorporating quotes from external sources.

The purpose of citing added quotes is to acknowledge the original author or creator of the quoted material, provide a reference for readers who want to access the source, and demonstrate the writer’s understanding of proper citation techniques.

There are several key elements involved in correctly citing added quotes. First, it’s crucial to determine the correct citation style to use, such as MLA, APA, or Chicago, depending on the field of study or publication requirements.

Once you’ve chosen a citation style, you need to ensure consistency throughout your work. This means using the same format for all citations, including in-text citations and reference list entries.

When incorporating a quote into your text, it’s essential to include a clear indicator that the material is a direct quote from another source. In most cases, this involves setting off the quoted material with quotation marks or indenting it as a separate paragraph.

The citation style you choose will dictate how to properly format the in-text citation for the quote. For example, MLA recommends including the author’s last name and page number(s) where the quote appears in parentheses at the end of the sentence, while APA suggests using an author-date citation system with a corresponding reference list entry.

In addition to the initial in-text citation, it’s equally important to provide a full citation for the source in your reference list or bibliography. This will allow readers to access the original material and understand the context surrounding the quote.

Properly citing added quotes demonstrates respect for intellectual property rights, enhances the credibility of your work, and facilitates collaboration among researchers by providing clear references to external sources.

To illustrate this concept with an example, let’s consider a research paper on environmental policy that includes a quote from a government report. If the report was published in 2020 and is cited using the MLA style, the in-text citation might look like this: (Environmental Protection Agency 24). The corresponding reference list entry would include the full publication details for the report.

By consistently citing added quotes throughout your work, you’ll be able to maintain academic integrity, showcase your understanding of proper citation techniques, and ensure that readers can access the original sources you’ve referenced in your writing.

* Purpose: Proper citation is essential for maintaining academic integrity and avoiding plagiarism.

Citing added quotes is a crucial aspect of academic writing that ensures proper attribution and maintains the integrity of one’s work.

In academic writing, **quoting** sources is an essential way to support arguments and ideas, but it must be done correctly to avoid plagiarism. When adding quotes to your text, you need to cite them properly using a recognized citation style such as APA, MLA, or Chicago.

Here are the reasons why proper citation of added quotes is essential:

• To give credit to the original author(s) and maintain academic integrity
• To avoid plagiarism by accurately representing someone else’s words or ideas
• To provide a clear understanding of the source material and its relevance to your argument
• To contribute to the advancement of knowledge by building on existing research and ideas

Citing added quotes involves several key elements:

• Author’s name: Include the author’s last name and first initial in parentheses, followed by a space.
• Title of source material: Provide the title of the book, article, or webpage in italics or quotation marks, depending on the citation style.
• Page numbers or paragraph numbers: If applicable, include the page numbers or paragraph numbers where the quote can be found.
• Date of publication: Include the date of publication for books and articles, and the date of access for online sources.

The format for citing added quotes may vary depending on the citation style:

• In APA style, use an in-text citation with the author’s last name and page number(s): (Author, 2022, p. 10)

• In MLA style, use an in-text citation with the author’s last name and page number(s) within parentheses: (Author 10)

• In Chicago style, use a footnote or endnote with the author’s last name and page number(s): ¹ Author, Last Name, Page Number

In conclusion, proper citation of added quotes is essential for maintaining academic integrity and avoiding plagiarism. It helps to provide a clear understanding of the source material and its relevance to your argument, contributes to the advancement of knowledge, and gives credit to the original author(s).

* Examples:

In academic writing, it’s essential to properly cite added quotes to maintain the integrity and credibility of the research. Citing added quotes involves providing accurate information about the original source of the quoted material, as well as acknowledging any modifications or additions made by you.

When citing added quotes in English language texts, there are specific conventions to follow. The most commonly used citation styles for academic writing are MLA (Modern Language Association), APA (American Psychological Association), and Chicago. Here’s a breakdown of how to cite added quotes using these styles:

MLA Style

In MLA style, when citing an added quote, provide the author’s last name and page number(s) in parentheses at the end of the sentence or quotation.

• Example:
  “As Shakespeare said, ‘To be or not to be, that is the question’ (Shakespeare 3.1.55).

If you’ve modified the quote, use brackets to indicate the changes:

• Example:
  “According to Shakespeare, ‘to be or not to be [whether it’s worth being] is the question’ (Shakespeare 3.1.55).

APA Style

In APA style, when citing an added quote, provide the author’s last name and publication year in parentheses at the end of the sentence or quotation.

• Example:
  “Shakespeare (1997) said ‘to be or not to be, that is the question’ (p. 55).

If you’ve modified the quote, use brackets to indicate the changes:

• Example:
  “According to Shakespeare (1997), ‘to be or not to be [whether it’s worth being] is the question’ (p. 55).

Chicago Style

In Chicago style, when citing an added quote, provide a footnote with the author’s name and publication date.

• Example:
  “To be or not to be, that is the question.”1
  ^[1] Shakespeare, William. Hamlet. The Oxford Shakespeare. Ed. A.R. Braunmuller, Oxford University Press, 1997.

If you’ve modified the quote, use brackets to indicate the changes:

• Example:
  “To be or not to be [whether it’s worth being] is the question.”1
  ^[1] Shakespeare, William. Hamlet. The Oxford Shakespeare. Ed. A.R. Braunmuller, Oxford University Press, 1997.

In summary, citing added quotes in academic writing involves providing accurate information about the original source of the quoted material, as well as acknowledging any modifications or additions made by you. By following these guidelines and using the correct citation style, you can ensure that your research is properly cited and maintains its integrity.

+ In MLA format, indirect quotes are cited with an authorpage number reference (e.g., “Roosevelt 23”).

In MLA formatting, when quoting directly from a source, it’s essential to include an author-page number reference, both in-text and on the Works Cited page.

This rule applies to direct quotes, where the original words of the author are reproduced exactly or nearly exactly in the text. When citing indirect quotes in MLA format, however, a slight variation occurs.

Indirect quotes involve paraphrasing or summarizing someone else’s ideas, rather than directly quoting their exact words. In this case, only the author-page number reference is required for citation, not the specific quote itself.

This can be expressed in MLA format as (Author 23), where ‘Author’ refers to the last name of the individual being quoted and ’23’ denotes the page number on which the relevant information can be found.

The purpose behind this slight distinction between direct and indirect quotes is to maintain academic integrity while acknowledging the source material. By including author-page number references, you are crediting the original authors for their ideas and work, even when presenting them in a condensed or paraphrased form.

When directly quoting a source in MLA format, however, you would include both an in-text citation (e.g., “Roosevelt 23”) and a full reference on the Works Cited page. This includes the title of the work, author’s last name, publication date, and publisher information.

This distinction between direct and indirect quotes highlights the importance of accurate attribution and proper citation techniques in academic writing. By recognizing these differences, you can ensure that your work is well-researched, properly credited, and presented in a clear, professional manner.

+ In APA format, indirect quotes are cited with an authordate reference (e.g., “Gandhi, 1987”).

In APA format, when incorporating added quotes into your text, it’s essential to provide proper citation to acknowledge the original source. This ensures that you give credit to the authors and researchers whose work has been referenced in your paper.

The general rule for citing direct quotes is to place the quotation within a block of text or as an indented paragraph, followed by a reference list entry in the References section at the end of your paper. The APA Publication Manual (7th ed.) recommends using double-spacing and a legible font for block quotes.

For indirect quotes, also known as paraphrasing, you should provide an in-text citation with the author’s last name and year of publication (e.g., “Gandhi, 1987”).

When citing multiple sources within a single sentence or paragraph, separate them with semicolons (e.g., “Smith (2010), Johnson (2009), and Lee (2012) all agree on this point”).

For sources with three authors, list all three authors’ names in the reference entry. However, in the text, include only the last name of the first author followed by “et al.” (e.g., “Doe et al., 2020” instead of “Doe, Johnson, and Smith, 2020”).

If a source has no author, use the title in the reference entry and an abbreviation or a shortened version of the title in parentheses at the end of the sentence (e.g., “(Smith, 2010) or (“The New York Times,” 2022)).

For sources with multiple references by the same author published in the same year, differentiate them using lowercase letters after the date (e.g., “Johnson, 2008a” and “Johnson, 2008b”).

Bullet points summarizing the steps for citing added quotes in APA format:

• For direct quotes: Use block quotations with double-spacing and a legible font; include an in-text citation with the author’s last name and year of publication.
• For indirect quotes (paraphrasing): Provide an in-text citation with the author’s last name and year of publication, separated from other sources by semicolons if multiple sources are cited within a single sentence or paragraph.
• For sources with multiple authors: List all three authors’ names in the reference entry; include only the last name of the first author followed by “et al.” in the text.

Bullet points summarizing APA guidelines for citing quotes when there is no author:

• Use the title in the reference entry.
• In the text, use an abbreviation or a shortened version of the title in parentheses at the end of the sentence.

Bullet points summarizing APA guidelines for citing multiple references by the same author published in the same year:

• Use lowercase letters after the date to differentiate between sources (e.g., “Johnson, 2008a” and “Johnson, 2008b”).